Chapter 19 notes: pages 659-677.

You need to know the following electron carriers, as they play important roles in the electron transfer chain. (pages: 661-664)  Be able to describe each one and give an example of where they are involved in the electron transport chain.

• NAD
• FAD
• Ubiquinone
• Fe-S centers  (What is a Rieske iron sulfur protein?)
• heme groups

The mitochondrial inner membrane is impermeable to most molecules, therefore the membrane has many translocases.  Be able to describe each of the following mitochondrial membrane constituents:

• Respiratory chain (complexes I-IV)

• What is in each complex and how do electrons flow through it? 
• What steps are involved in pumping protons out of the matrix?
• Know the net equation for the Q cycle (you don't have to know the details--they are fuzzy in this text.)
• How were inhibitors used to determine the flow of electrons through the electron transport chain?  What is another way that scientists used to determine the order of electron acceptors in the electron transport chain?  Why wouldn't this second method work for sure every time?

• ADP/ATP translocase
• ATP synthase
• phosphate translocase
• Malate/Aspartate shuttle system
• ETF-UQ oxidoreductase
• Glycerol-3-Phosphate dehydrogenase

What does it of the following inhibit?  How does it inhibit the process/reaction?

• Carbon monoxide
• Cyanide
• Antimycin A
• Rotenone
• Amytal
• Piercidin A
• Oligomycin
• DCCD
• DNP
• Valinomycin
• Thermogenin
• Atractylocide

Describe the proton motive force.  What is the chemiosmotic theory?  Be able to do problems 14, 8, 7,  and 6