Vocabulary
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
Know the symbols, definitions and meanings for negative values for the following terms:
What is the equation for the change in free energy in a biological system? What are the conditions of a biological system with regard to pressure and temperature? Are biological systems open or closed systems?
Read box 14-1 for three examples of entropy. Then go visit Dr. Stone's office.
What does the Gibbs free energy function predict?
What is DG°? What is DG°'? What are the conditions for DG°'? How is the equilibrium constant (K'eq) for a reaction related to the DG°' for the reaction?
Be able to predict whether products or reactants are favored, if given the value for DG°'. Be able to calculate K'eq if given the value for DG°' and visa versa. (problems 2,3,4,5)
Do the conditions for DG°' exist in most biological samples? What is the full equation to determine the free energy of a reaction? Be able to calculate the value for DG if given reaction conditions. (problems 6,7, 12,13,14)
Is all of the energy of DG available to do work? Why or why not?
DG is a state function, that means that its value is independent of the reaction path. Kinetics of a reaction are not state functions, how fast a reaction proceeds depends upon the path of the reaction.
How can one unfavorable reaction be combined with a favorable reaction to have an overall spontaneous (favorable) process? DG°' values for reactions in a series are additive! What about K'eq values? (problems 8,9,10,11,16)